Contaminación del agua: MedlinePlus en español
Un servicio de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina de EE.UU.
Institutos Nacionales de la SaludTodos necesitamos agua potable. La gente la necesita para sembrar sus cosechas y operar las fábricas, así como para beberla y a manera de recreo. Los peces y la vida salvaje dependen de ella para sobrevivir.
Muchos contaminantes pueden dañar nuestros ríos, riachuelos, lagos y océanos. Los tres más comunes son el suelo, los nutrientes y las bacterias. La lluvia lava el suelo y se derrama en los ríos y las corrientes de agua. El suelo puede matar animales diminutos y huevos de peces. Puede obstruir las branquias de los peces y bloquear la luz y matar las plantas. Los nutrientes, generalmente de los fertilizantes, causan problemas en los lagos, lagunas y presas acuíferas. El nitrógeno y el fósforo hacen crecer algas y pueden tornar verde el agua. Las bacterias, frecuentemente de las aguas estancadas residuales, pueden contaminar el agua dulce o salada.
Agencia de Protección Ambiental
Institutos Nacionales de la Salud
- El organismo de los NIH principalmente responsable por realizar investigaciones científicas sobre Contaminación del agua es elInstituto Nacional de las Ciencias de Salud Ambiental
Condiciones específicas
- Agua subterránea(Agencia para Sustancias Tóxicas y el Registro de Enfermedades)
- Lluvia ácida(Agencia de Protección Ambiental)
- También está disponible en inglés
- Reducción: Disminución de la basura marina(Agencia de Protección Ambiental)
Asuntos relacionados
- Contaminación de la playa(Agencia de Protección Ambiental)
- También está disponible en inglés
Tutoriales
- Tox town en español
- También está disponible en inglés
- Tox town en español
Niños
- Calidad del agua subterránea(Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos)
- Efectos de la urbanización en la calidad del agua(Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos)
- Lluvia ácida(Agencia de Protección Ambiental)
- Plaguicidas en el agua subterránea(Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos)
- Volver al comienzo
We all need clean water. People need it to grow crops and to operate factories, and for drinking and recreation. Fish and wildlife depend on it to survive.
Many different pollutants can harm our rivers, streams, lakes, and oceans. The three most common are soil, nutrients, and bacteria. Rain washes soil into streams and rivers. The soil can kill tiny animals and fish eggs. It can clog the gills of fish and block light, causing plants to die. Nutrients, often from fertilizers, cause problems in lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. Nitrogen and phosphorus make algae grow and can turn water green. Bacteria, often from sewage spills, can pollute fresh or salt water.
You can help protect your water supply:
- Don't pour household products such as cleansers, beauty products, medicines, auto fluids, paint, and lawn care products down the drain. Take them to a hazardous waste collection site.
- Throw away excess household grease (meat fats, lard, cooking oil, shortening, butter, margarine, etc.) diapers, condoms, and personal hygiene products in the garbage can.
- Clean up after your pets. Pet waste contains nutrients and germs.
Environmental Protection Agency
National Institutes of Health
- The primary NIH organization for research on Water Pollution is theNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Start Here
- Primer on Water Quality(U.S. Geological Survey)
- What Can You Do to Protect Local Waterways?(Environmental Protection Agency) - PDF
Overviews
- Learn about Water(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Pollution(National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science)
- Water Quality(U.S. Geological Survey, Office of Water Quality)
Prevention/Screening
- Do's and Don'ts Around the Home(Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water)
- Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff(Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water) - PDF
- Protecting Water Quality from Urban Runoff(Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water) - PDF
Specific Conditions
- Acid Rain(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Also available in Spanish
- Beach Pollution(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Also available in Spanish
- Biological Hazards in Sewage and Wastewater Treatment Plants(Center to Protect Workers' Rights) - PDF
- Contaminated Sediments in Water(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Effects of Urbanization on Water Quality: Pesticides(U.S. Geological Survey)
- Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Hysteria over Pfiesteria(Environmental Protection Agency) - PDF
- Special Topics in Water Science (Water Pollution)(U.S. Geological Survey)
Related Issues
- Coastal Watershed Factsheets(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Residential Wastewater Treatment Systems(NSF International)
- Watersheds(Environmental Protection Agency)
- What Is Nonpoint Source Pollution?(Environmental Protection Agency)
- Return to top
Tutorials
- Tox Town
- Also available in Spanish
- Return to top
- Tox Town
Clinical Trials
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Protozoan Infections
- Return to top
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Protozoan Infections
Research
- Harmful Algal Blooms(National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science)
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Journal Articles
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)- Article: Groundwater arsenic contamination throughout China.
- Article: Radon-contaminated drinking water from private wells: an environmental health assessment...
- Article: Geochemistry. An arsenic forecast for China.
- Article: Multilevel analysis of childhood nonviral gastroenteritis associated with environmental risk...
- Article: Fish consumption and advisory awareness among older Wisconsin fishermen.
- Article: Trace metal levels in water, fish, and sediment from River...
- Article: Public infrastructure disparities and the microbiological and chemical safety of...
- Article: Relation between perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and strokes in a large...
- Water Pollution -- see more articles
- Pfiesteria -- see more articles
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Dictionaries/Glossaries
- Water Science Glossary of Terms(U.S. Geological Survey)
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Directories
- Beach Advisory and Closing On-line Notification: Find a Beach(Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water)
- Fish Consumption Advisories(Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water)
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Organizations
Children
- Fish Kids(Environmental Protection Agency)
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Teenagers
- Quiz: Water and Your Health(Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health)
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