Neurology / Neuroscience - Mar 27, 2018 Edition

Health News and Information - News Medical

March 27, 2018     Neurology / Neuroscience     The latest neurology news from News Medical

Researchers uncover cause of rare childhood neurodegenerative disease   Neurology researchers investigating a rare but devastating neurological regression in infants have discovered the cause: gene mutations that severely disrupt crucial functions in mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells.       Von Recklinghausen Disease (Neurofibromatosis Type I)   Von Recklinghausen disease (VRD) is also called neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). It is a genetic disorder in which the growth of nervous tissue is altered, producing tumors related to the nerve sheath. A single neurofibroma may not be indicative of this disorder, but multiple tumors are strongly suggestive of NF1.

NIH researchers explore genetic clocks to understand role of aging in neurodegeneration   To understand the link between aging and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, NIH scientists compared the genetic clocks that tick during the lives of normal and mutant flies.         Women with high physical fitness at middle age 90% less likely to develop dementia   Women with high physical fitness at middle age were nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia decades later, compared to women who were moderately fit, according to a study published the March 14, 2018, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.         Dementia patients do not undergo diagnostic evaluation at onset of disease, study finds   A study conducted by a multidisciplinary Spectrum Health neurology team has found that dementia patients are not undergoing evaluation at the onset of the dementia process, a delay that prevents early, beneficial treatment.

Study reports evidence of 'systemic bias' in alcohol screening after TBI   "Has this patient been drinking?" It's a critical question for neurosurgical nurses and other professionals when evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury. But some groups of TBI patients are less likely to be screened for alcohol use, including women and younger patients, reports a study in the March issue of the Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, official journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses.       Research suggests possible link between heading a soccer ball and brain imbalance   New behavioral neuroscience research suggests there's likely a connection between heading the ball in soccer and brain imbalance       Menopausal hormone therapy taken soon after menopause may benefit the brain   Taking menopausal hormone therapy soon after menopause to relieve symptoms may also benefit the brain, according to a study published in the March 21, 2018, online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.       Researchers prove link between common childhood cancer and inflammation   The team of María Domínguez, researcher for the Neuroscience Institute, joint venture of the Miguel Hernández University in Elche and the Spanish National Research Council, has managed to prove for the first time that an important factor in the development of acute pediatric lymphoblastic leukemia is inflammation.       Specific immune cells may help slow progression of ALS, research shows   New research into Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) - also known as motor neuron disease - shows that specific immune cells may help slow progression of the disease, an important step towards developing new therapies to treat patients.       New study reveals why some visual cues remain subliminal   Understanding conscious perception is a major challenge for neuroscience.       Study shows clear connection between cardiovascular fitness in middle age and dementia risk   Women who have a high cardiovascular fitness in middle age have a risk of developing dementia when older that is almost 90 percent lower than among women in average physical condition, according to a study published in the journal Neurology.       Researchers explain link between 2 key Alzheimer's proteins   It's a paradox of Alzheimer's disease: Plaques of the sticky protein amyloid beta are the most characteristic sign in the brain of the deadly neurodegenerative disease. However, many older people have such plaques in their brains but do not have dementia.       Neuroscientists move closer to developing tools for deciphering brain function   A team of University of Missouri neuroscientists are inching closer to developing the tools needed to decipher the brain.       Research offers new understanding about cause of Parkinson's disease   Until very recently, Parkinson's had been thought a disease that starts in the brain, destroying motion centers and resulting in tremors and loss of movement.       Immune cells can repopulate in the retina after elimination, mice study shows   Immune cells called microglia can completely repopulate themselves in the retina after being nearly eliminated, according to a new study in mice from scientists at the National Eye Institute.       New study identifies key role for particular gene in 16p11.2 deletion syndrome   In a new study of one of the most common genetic causes of autism, neuroscientists at MIT's Picower Institute for Learning and Memory have identified a specific molecular mechanism that appears to undermine the ability of neurons in affected mice to properly incorporate changes driven by experience.       Researchers discover 'missing mutation' in severe infant epilepsy   Researchers have discovered a "missing mutation" in severe infant epilepsy--long-suspected genetic changes that might trigger overactive, brain-damaging electrical signaling leading to seizures.       Scientists develop brain “stethoscope” that can detect silent seizures   Neurologists at Stanford have developed a diagnostic tool that can translate the brain’s activity into sounds for the detection of silent seizures.       Discovery of new ALS gene points to cytoskeleton as potential target for drug development   An international team of researchers led by John Landers, PhD, at UMass Medical School, and Bryan Traynor, MD, PhD, at the National Institute on Aging at the National Institutes of Health, has identified KIF5A as a new gene associated with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.       Overview of Prion Diseases   Prion diseases are progressive nervous system diseases which always have a fatal outcome. They are transmissible and affect many mammals. They are also called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs).       Researchers develop ultrathin endoscope to capture neurons firing deep in the brain   Researchers have developed an endoscope as thin as a human hair that can image the activity of neurons in the brains of living mice. Because it is so thin, the endoscope can reach deep into the brain, giving researchers access to areas that cannot be seen with microscopes or other types of endoscopes.       Mother's stress during pregnancy changes brain connectivity in-utero   The time babies spend in the womb is far from idle. The brain is changing more rapidly during this time than at any other time in development. It is an active time for the fetus to grow and explore, and of course connect to its mother.       Daily regimen of ibuprofen can ward off Alzheimer's disease, say neuroscientists   A Vancouver-based research team led by Canada's most cited neuroscientist, Dr. Patrick McGeer, has successfully carried out studies suggesting that, if started early enough, a daily regimen of the non-prescription NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) ibuprofen can prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease.       Choline intake during pregnancy increases brain grey and white matter in young pigs   Choline intake during pregnancy can influence infant metabolism and brain development, according to a series of studies from the University of Illinois. Although the role of choline in neurodevelopment has been studied before in rodents, the new research, done with pigs, has more relevance to humans.       Antibody sweeps away Alzheimer's plaques in mice   Years before people start showing characteristic symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, sticky plaques begin forming in their brains, damaging nearby cells. For decades, doctors have sought ways to clear out these plaques as a way to prevent or treat the disease.       SSRIs may be more effective option for treating anxious youth, UC research shows   For children and adolescents who require medication to treat anxiety, there are two primary classes of antidepressants that are prescribed: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.       LSD reduces 'sense of self' - research   Dr Albert Hofmann, a Swiss chemist, first found the effects of LSD or lysergic acid diethylamide or “acid” on the psyche. It has been 75 years since his invention. Now new research finds deeper understanding of how this psychedelic chemical alters the perception and affects the brain.

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