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Novel human sex-typing strategies based on the autism candidate gene NLGN4X and its male-specific gametologue NLGN4Y
Since the early days of PCR techniques, sex identification, “sex-typing,” of genomic DNA samples has been a fundamental part of human forensic analysis but also in animal genetics aiming at strategic livestock...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:62Sex differences in the ability of corticostriatal oscillations to predict rodent alcohol consumption
Although male and female rats differ in their patterns of alcohol use, little is known regarding the neural circuit activity that underlies these differences in behavior. The current study used a machine learn...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:61Sex differences in clinical presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) predominantly affects women, but previous studies suggest that men with SLE present a more severe disease phenotype. In this study, we investigated a large and well-character...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:60Cardiac hypertrophy with obesity is augmented after pregnancy in C57BL/6 mice
Over a third of reproductive-age women in the USA are obese, and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rising in premenopausal women. Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent predictor of CVD. In cont...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:59The angiotensin II type I receptor contributes to impaired cerebral blood flow autoregulation caused by placental ischemia in pregnant rats
Placental ischemia and hypertension, characteristic features of preeclampsia, are associated with impaired cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation and cerebral edema. However, the factors that contribute to t...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:58Statistical methods for testing X chromosome variant associations: application to sex-specific characteristics of bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder (BD) affects both sexes, but important sex differences exist with respect to its symptoms and comorbidities. For example, rapid cycling (RC) is more prevalent in females, and alcohol use disor...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:57Age-related sex differences in the expression of important disease-linked mitochondrial proteins in mice
The prevalence and progression of many illnesses, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer, vary between women and men, often in an age-dependent manner. A joint hallmark of t...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:56Sex-specific association between the cortisol awakening response and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in healthy individuals
Previous studies have shown associations between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity (HPA). We aimed to investigate the association between obsessive-compulsive...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:55Fetal growth outcomes following peri-implantation exposure of Long-Evans rats to noise and ozone differ by sex
Exposure to air pollution and high levels of noise have both been independently associated with the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes including low birth weight. However, exposure to such environmental...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:54Comparison of uterine fibroids’ growth pattern during pregnancy according to fetal sex: an observational study
To investigate the effect of fetal sex on fibroids’ growth during pregnancy according to the hCG serum levelsBiology of Sex Differences 2019 10:53The influence of biological sex and sex hormones on bile acid synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis
Obesity and elevated serum lipids are associated with a threefold increase in the risk of developing atherosclerosis, a condition that underlies stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Strateg...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:52Female sex, high soluble CD163, and low HDL-cholesterol were associated with high galectin-3 binding protein in type 1 diabetes
Galectin-3 binding protein (Gal3BP), sCD163, galectin-3, and depression have been linked to cardiovascular disease and mortality. In patients with type 1 diabetes, female sex has also been linked to cardiovasc...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:51Neurochemical sex differences in adult ADHD patients: an MRS study
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Relevant sex differences in symptomatology are discussed. This study compared brain neurometabolism in the anterior cing...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:50Targeting senescence improves angiogenic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with preeclampsia
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific hypertensive disorder characterized by impaired angiogenesis. We postulate that senescence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), multipotent cells with pro-angiogenic activities...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:49Sex differences in fetal growth and immediate birth outcomes in a low-risk Caucasian population
According to the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group recommendations, boys and girls have different growth trajectories after birth. Our aim was to develop gender-specific fetal growth curves in a low...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:48Sexual dimorphism in PAR2-dependent regulation of primitive colonic cells
Sexual dimorphism in biological responses is a critical knowledge for therapeutic proposals. However, gender differences in intestinal stem cell physiology have been poorly studied. Given the important role of...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:47The developmental origins of sex-biased expression in cardiac development
Expression patterns between males and females vary in every adult tissue, even in organs with no conspicuous dimorphisms such as the heart. While studies of male and female differences have traditionally focus...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:46Adipocyte deficiency of ACE2 increases systolic blood pressures of obese female C57BL/6 mice
Obesity increases the risk for hypertension in both sexes, but the prevalence of hypertension is lower in females than in males until menopause, despite a higher prevalence of obesity in females. We previously...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:45An inherent T cell deficit in healthy males to C. neoformans infection may begin to explain the sex susceptibility in incidence of cryptococcosis
Cryptococcus neoformans, the causative agent of cryptococcosis, causes ~ 181,000 deaths annually, with males having a higher incidence of disease than females (7M:3F). The reason for this sex bias remains unclear...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:44Muscle metabolism and atrophy: let’s talk about sex
Skeletal muscle health is a strong predictor of overall health and longevity. Pathologies affecting skeletal muscle such as cancer cachexia, intensive care unit treatment, muscular dystrophies, and others are ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:43Ischemia and reperfusion injury following cardioplegic arrest is attenuated by age and testosterone deficiency in male but not female mice
Cardiovascular disease increases with age in both sexes. Treatment can require cardiac surgery, where the hearts are pre-treated with protective cardioplegic solution before ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Whi...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:42Sex differences in the association between spousal metabolic risk factors with incidence of type 2 diabetes: a longitudinal study of the Iranian population
We investigated whether metabolic risk factors in one spouse were associated with an excessive risk of type 2 diabetes in the other.Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:41Sex-specific association of metabolic risk factors with brain ischemic lesions by severity and location
Males and females exhibit significant differences in metabolism and in brain ischemic stroke and different features of brain ischemic lesions are related to different health outcomes. It is critical to underst...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:40Sex differences in perceptual responses to experimental pain before and after an experimental fatiguing arm task
The incidence and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is about twice as high in women compared to men, and those of the neck/shoulder region are particularly high among women. Fatigue and responses ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:39Correction to: Siah2 modulates sex-dependent metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose tissue to a high-fat diet challenge
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported that additional file 1 was incorrect. The corrected additional file 1 is given below.Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:38The original article was published in Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:19Sex differences in nicotine-enhanced Pavlovian conditioned approach in rats
Nicotine exposure enhances Pavlovian conditioned approach (PCA), or the learned approach to reward-predictive cues. While females show elevated approach to conditioned stimuli compared to males, potentially in...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:37Sex differences in metabolic effects of angiotensin-(1-7) treatment in obese mice
Angiotensin-(1-7) is a beneficial hormone of the renin-angiotensin system known to play a positive role in regulation of blood pressure and glucose homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that in high-fat die...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:36Sex differences in brain activation patterns with mental stress in patients with coronary artery disease
Stress is an important contributor to myocardial ischemia and the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD), and women are more susceptible than men to these effects. Little is known, however, about the neu...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:35Impaired sleep quality is associated with concurrent elevations in inflammatory markers: are post-menopausal women at greater risk?
Chronic inflammation and impaired sleep increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Menopausal women may be particularly at risk as a result of impaired sleep. The objective of the current investigation was ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:34Sex differences in the association of metabolic syndrome with low back pain among middle-aged Japanese adults: a large-scale cross-sectional study
Although some recent studies have indicated an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and musculoskeletal disease, little is known about the association of MetS with low back pain (LBP). The present stu...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:33Sex differences in gray matter volume: how many and how large are they really?
Studies assessing volumetric sex differences have provided contradictory results. Total intracranial volume (TIV) is a major confounding factor when estimating local volumes of interest (VOIs). We investigated...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:32Sex differences in the metabolic effects of the renin-angiotensin system
Obesity is a global epidemic that greatly increases risk for developing cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes. Sex differences in the obese phenotype are well established in experimental animal models an...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:31Sex hormones, aging and cardiometabolic syndrome
It is well documented that the metabolic syndrome predisposes patients to increased cardiovascular risk. Emerging data indicates that cardiovascular risk conferred by metabolic syndrome is highly dependent on ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:30Sex, gut microbiome, and cardiovascular disease risk
Key differences exist between men and women in the determinants and manifestations of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases. Recently, gut microbiome-host relations have been implicated in cardiovascular...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:29Sex steroid hormone modulation of neural stem cells: a critical review
While numerous in vivo experiments have sought to explore the effects of sex chromosome composition and sex steroid hormones on cellular proliferation and differentiation within the mammalian brain, far fewer ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:28Polypharmacy in patients with multiple sclerosis: a gender-specific analysis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects about three times more women than men. Due to variable MS courses, multiple therapies are necessary in clinical practice.Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:27Sex differences in the expression of cell adhesion molecules on microvesicles derived from cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells treated with inflammatory and thrombotic stimuli
There are sex differences in risk for stroke and small vessel ischemic disease in the brain. Microvesicles (MV) derived from activated cells vary by cell of origin and the stimulus initiating their release. MV...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:26Prohibitin: a prime candidate for a pleiotropic effector that mediates sex differences in obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysregulation
Adipocytes and macrophages, the two major constituents of adipose tissue, exhibit sex differences and work in synergy in adipose tissue physiology and pathophysiology, including obesity-linked insulin resistan...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:25Sex-specific responses to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in hypertensive African American males and females
African Americans (AA) develop hypertension (HTN) at an earlier age, have a greater frequency and severity of HTN, and greater prevalence of uncontrolled HTN as compared to the white population. Mineralocortic...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:24Sex differences in negative affect and postoperative pain in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most common and disabling persistent pain conditions, with increasing prevalence in the developed world, and affects women to a greater degree than men. In the USA, the gr...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:23The role of the gut microbiome in sex differences in arterial pressure
There has been intense interest in the role of the gut microbiome in human health and a broad range of diseases in recent years. In the context of cardiovascular disease, gut dysbiosis (defined as a change in ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:22Chronic low alcohol intake during pregnancy programs sex-specific cardiovascular deficits in rats
Exposure to an adverse environment in early life can have lifelong consequences for risk of cardiovascular disease. Maternal alcohol (ethanol) intake is common and associated with a variety of harmful effects ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:21Sex differences in stress and immune responses during confinement in Antarctica
Antarctica challenges human explorers by its extreme environment. The effects of these unique conditions on the human physiology need to be understood to best mitigate health problems in Antarctic expedition c...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:20Siah2 modulates sex-dependent metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose tissue to a high-fat diet challenge
The obesity-related risk of developing metabolic syndrome is higher in males than in females of reproductive age, likely due to estrogen-mediated reduced adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis with hypertrop...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:19The Correction to this article has been published in Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:38- Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:18The original article was published in Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:15
Perspective and strategy interactively modulate sex differences in a 3D navigation task
Sex differences in navigation performance have been attributed to sex differences in information processing during navigation. Perspective refers to the viewpoint of the navigator, with previous work suggestin...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:17Inflammatory responses to dietary and surgical weight loss in male and female mice
Weight loss by surgery or lifestyle changes is strongly recommended for obese individuals to improve metabolic health, but the underlying impairments that persist from a history of obesity remain unclear. Rece...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:16National trends of pre-hypertension and hypertension among Iranian adolescents across urban and rural areas (2007–2011)
The current nationwide study, for the first time, aimed to assess and compare the trend of pre-hypertension and hypertension among urban and rural adolescents in Iran.Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:15The Correction to this article has been published in Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:18Sex and genetic differences in postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a longitudinal cohort analysis
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication experienced by patients aged 65 years and older, and these older adults comprise more than one third of the surgical patients i...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:14X-chromosome association study reveals genetic susceptibility loci of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
The male predominance in the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) suggests the contribution of the X chromosome to the susceptibility of NPC. However, no X-linked susceptibility loci have been examined ...Biology of Sex Differences 2019 10:13
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