Official Journal of The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN)
A review of the ketogenic diet for endurance athletes: performance enhancer or placebo effect?
The ketogenic diet has become popular among endurance athletes as a performance enhancer. This paper systematically reviews the evidence regarding the effect of the endurance athlete’s ketogenic diet (EAKD) on...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:33Dietary restrictions in endurance runners to mitigate exercise-induced gastrointestinal symptoms
Endurance runners frequently experience exercise-induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, negatively impacting their performance. Food choices pre-exercise have a significant impact on the gut’s tolerance to ru...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:32Caffeine supplementation is ergogenic in soccer players independent of cardiorespiratory or neuromuscular fitness levels
Equivocal findings examining the influence of caffeine on performance and biological responses to exercise may be due to inter-individual variability in cardiorespiratory or neuromuscular fitness. This study e...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:31Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementation changes energy system contribution and improves performance during high-intensity intermittent exercise in physically active individuals: a double-blind and placebo controlled study
Nutritional ergogenic aids are commonly used to boost physiological adaptations to exercise and promote greater fitness gains. However, there is a paucity of data about multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementa...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:30- Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17(Suppl 1):23This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 17 Supplement 1
Influence of daily beer or ethanol consumption on physical fitness in response to a high-intensity interval training program. The BEER-HIIT study
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective approach to improve physical fitness, but consuming beer, which is a regular practice in many physically active individuals, may interfere with these eff...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:29The addition of β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) to creatine monohydrate supplementation does not improve anthropometric and performance maintenance across a collegiate rugby season
Muscular damage sustained while playing rugby may hinder performance across a season. β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) may help attenuate muscle damage and maintain lean mass and performance. This study sought...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:28Higher doses of a green tea-based supplement increase post-exercise blood flow following an acute resistance exercise bout in recreationally resistance-trained college-aged men
There are animal data suggesting green tea can enhance blood flow. However, human data are lacking. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of low and high doses of a green tea-based s...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:27The addition of an amylopectin/chromium complex to branched-chain amino acids enhances muscle protein synthesis in rat skeletal muscle
A previous clinical study reported that the addition of an amylopectin/chromium complex (ACr; Velositol®) to 6 g of whey protein (WP) significantly enhanced muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Branched-chain amino...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:26The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Blackcurrants have come to be regarded as a superfood because of their high polyphenol content, namely anthocyanins. While many berry types have been studied, blackcurrant-anthocyanins may be the superior berr...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:25The athletic gut microbiota
The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract play a significant role in nutrient uptake, vitamin synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune response, collectively contributing to h...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:24Effects of daily ingestion of sodium bicarbonate on acid-base status and anaerobic performance during an altitude sojourn at high altitude: a randomized controlled trial
The present study investigated the effects of chronic sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion on a single bout of high-intensity exercise and on acid-base balance during 7-day high-altitude exposure.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:22CYP1A2 genotype and acute effects of caffeine on resistance exercise, jumping, and sprinting performance
It has been suggested that polymorphisms within CYP1A2 impact inter-individual variation in the response to caffeine. The purpose of this study was to explore the acute effects of caffeine on resistance exerci...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:21Effects of post exercise protein supplementation on markers of bone turnover in adolescent swimmers
This study examined the effects of whey protein supplementation, compared with an isocaloric carbohydrate beverage and water, consumed immediately following an intense swimming trial on bone turnover in adoles...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:20Effects of a ketogenic diet on body composition and strength in trained women
The effect of ketogenic diets (KD) on body composition in different populations has been investigated. More recently, some have recommended that athletes adhere to ketogenic diets in order to optimize changes ...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:19The effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum total 25(OH) levels and biochemical markers of skeletal muscles in runners
The beneficial adaptation of skeletal muscle function to strenuous exercise is partially attributable to the improvement of vitamin D status. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 3-week vitamin...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:18Effects of skim milk and isotonic drink consumption before exercise on fluid homeostasis and time-trial performance in cyclists: a randomized cross-over study
Hydration status affects endurance performance. Pre-exercise hydration recommendations target the consumption of high carbohydrate and sodium beverages. Milk, due to its carbohydrate and sodium content, may be...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:17Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
The leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is widely used as an ergogenic supplement to increase resistance-training induced gains in fat free mass (FFM) and strength in healthy adults. Recent stu...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:16Effects of natural polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice on the acute and delayed response of Homocysteine and steroidal hormones following weightlifting exercises: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Maximal strength-speed exercise is a powerful stimulus to acutely increase concentrations of circulating steroid hormones and homocysteine [Hcy]. There is some evidence that antioxidant beverages rich in polyp...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:15The risk of low energy availability in Chinese elite and recreational female aesthetic sports athletes
Low energy availability (LEA) is a medical condition observed in athletes, with a higher prevalence in aesthetic sports. For the first time, this study evaluated the relative prevalence of LEA in female elite ...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:13Acute effects of Nitrosigine® and citrulline malate on vasodilation in young adults
Athletes are increasingly exploring ways to enhance their physical performance. Increasing blood flow to the working tissues through endothelium-dependent vasodilation is one factor athletes use to realize the...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:12Prevalence of dietary supplement use by gym members in Portugal and associated factors
Although there seems to be an increasing interest in the use of dietary supplements in those who exercise recreationally and want to improve body composition, there is little published data regarding gym users...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:11The acute effects of thermogenic fitness drink formulas containing 140 mg and 100 mg of caffeine on energy expenditure and fat metabolism at rest and during exercise
Thermogenic fitness drink formulas (TFD) have been shown to increase energy expenditure and markers of lipid metabolism. The purpose of the current study was to compare TFD formulas containing different caffei...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:10Anabolic response to essential amino acid plus whey protein composition is greater than whey protein alone in young healthy adults
We have determined the acute response of protein kinetics to one or two servings (6.3 g and 12.6 g) of a proprietary composition containing free-form essential amino acids (EAA) (3.2 g EAA per serving) and whe...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:9Influence of physical training on erythrocyte concentrations of iron, phosphorus and magnesium
The present study aimed to determine changes occurring in the erythrocyte concentrations of Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg) and Phosphorous (P) of subjects with different levels of physical training living in the sa...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:8The Correction to this article has been published in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:34Effects of protein intake prior to carbohydrate-restricted endurance exercise: a randomized crossover trial
Deliberately training with reduced carbohydrate availability, a paradigm coined training low, has shown to promote adaptations associated with improved aerobic capacity. In this context researchers have proposed ...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:7Effects of a commercially available branched-chain amino acid-alanine-carbohydrate-based sports supplement on perceived exertion and performance in high intensity endurance cycling tests
Sports nutritional supplements containing branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) have been widely reported to improve psychological and biological aspects connected to central fatigue and performance in endurance e...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:6Coenzyme Q10 status, glucose parameters, and antioxidative capacity in college athletes
Glycemia is related to energy production during exercise. Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant that participates in adenosine triphosphate synthesis in mitochondria. The aim of this study was to investigate the leve...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:5Effects of carbohydrate supplementation on aerobic exercise performance during acute high altitude exposure and after 22 days of acclimatization and energy deficit
The ergogenic effects of supplemental carbohydrate on aerobic exercise performance at high altitude (HA) may be modulated by acclimatization status. Longitudinal evaluation of potential performance benefits of...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:4Carbohydrate supplementation and psychophysiological responses during moderate exercise in hypoxia
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is a subjective scale to monitor overload and fatigue during exercise. Hypoxia may worsen the perception of fatigue, compromising the self-reported perception of effort and i...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:3Effects of caffeine supplementation on physical performance and mood dimensions in elite and trained-recreational athletes
Caffeine supplementation (CAFF) has an established ergogenic effect on physical performance and the psychological response to exercise. However, few studies have compared the response to CAFF intake among athl...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:2Correction to: The effect of low dose marine protein hydrolysates on short-term recovery after high intensity performance cycling: a double-blinded crossover study
The original article [1] contains errors in Tables 1 and 3: Table 1 erroneously mentions use of a treadmill which should instead state ‘bicycle’, and Table 3 has a minor typesetting mistake.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2020 17:1The original article was published in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:48International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics
Position statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review of the mechanisms and use of probiotic supplementation to optimize the health, performance, and r...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:62Response: Commentary on the effects of hypoxia on energy substrate use during exercise
A recent commentary has been published on our meta-analysis, which investigated substrate oxidation during exercise matched for relative intensities in hypoxia compared with normoxia. Within this commentary, the ...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:61Dietary Aronia melanocarpa extract enhances mTORC1 signaling, but has no effect on protein synthesis and protein breakdown-related signaling, in response to resistance exercise in rat skeletal muscle
Ursolic acid altered muscle protein metabolism in normal and resting conditions after acute resistance exercise, suggesting that eating fruits rich in ursolic acid could enhance muscle protein synthesis and de...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:60Sex differences in dietary intake in British Army recruits undergoing phase one training
British Army Phase One training exposes men and women to challenging distances of 13.5 km·d− 1 vs. 11.8 km·d− 1 and energy expenditures of ~ 4000 kcal·d− 1 and ~ 3000 kcal·d− 1, respectively. As such, it is essen...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:59Changes in total and segmental bioelectrical resistance are correlated with whole-body and segmental changes in lean soft tissue following a resistance training intervention
Raw bioelectrical values can be used to assess physiological outcomes, though limited information is available concerning the relationships between changes in these values and changes in other variables of int...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:58Determinants of coaches’ intentions to provide different recommendations on sports nutrition to their athletes
Coaches are considered as an important source of nutrition information by their athletes. However, their knowledge in this area is often insufficient for proper guidance and may lead to the dissemination of mi...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:57Effects of acute caffeine, theanine and tyrosine supplementation on mental and physical performance in athletes
A limited amount of research has demonstrated beneficial effects of caffeine and theanine supplementation for enhancement of mental performance. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether the a...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:56Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on serum 25(OH)D concentration and strength in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on skeletal muscle strength in athletes. Vitamin D3 supplements or vitamin D3 fortified foods...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:55Effect of Bang® Pre-Workout Master Blaster® combined with four weeks of resistance training on lean body mass, maximal strength, mircoRNA expression, and serum IGF-1 in men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
The aim of the current study was to determine if 4 weeks of consumption of Bang® Pre-Workout Master Blaster® (BMB; Vital Pharmaceuticals Inc., Weston, FL) combined with resistance training resulted in greater ...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:54Influence of a 6-month physical training program on serum and urinary concentrations of trace metals in middle distance elite runners
The aim of this survey was to determine the effects of an aerobic physical training program of six months duration on the serum and urinary concentrations of essential trace elements among middle distance runn...Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2019 16:53
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