The emerging landscape of circular RNAs in immunity: breakthroughs and challenges
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently linked RNAs that exhibit individual strand with a closed-loop framework compared with a conserving, steady and abundant linear counterpart. In recent years, as high-thro...Biomarker Research 2020 8:25The emerging roles of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in human cancers
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant form of mRNA modification in eukaryotes. It affects various aspects of RNA metabolism, including nuclear export, translation, decay and alternative splicing. In addit...Biomarker Research 2020 8:24Role of DNA repair defects in predicting immunotherapy response
Defect in DNA damage response (DDR) is a common feature of cancer cells, which regulates tumor growth and therapeutic response. Recently, the approval of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) for tumors with defect...Biomarker Research 2020 8:23Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of the KRAS G12C mutation in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer patients
The KRAS mutation is the second most common genetic variant in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. At the 2019th World Conference of Lung Cancer, the KRAS G12C-specific inhibitor AMG510 showed pr...Biomarker Research 2020 8:22Roles of HMGB1 in regulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are notable contributors to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and are closely associated with tumor progression; in addition, MDSCs are present in most...Biomarker Research 2020 8:21Lysyl oxidase expression is associated with inferior outcome and Extramedullary disease of acute myeloid leukemia
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) has been described as necessary for premetastatic niche formation in epithelium-derived malignancies and its expression level therefore correlates with risk of metastatic disease and overal...Biomarker Research 2020 8:20Chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting PD-L1 suppress tumor growth
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) therapy has been well recognized for treating B cell-derived malignancy. However, the efficacy of CAR-T cells against solid tumors remains dissatisfactory, parti...Biomarker Research 2020 8:19Mechanisms underlying CD19-positive ALL relapse after anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy and associated strategies
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, especially anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy, has shown remarkable anticancer activity in patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia, demonstratin...Biomarker Research 2020 8:18Advances in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal malignancy characterized by genetic heterogeneity due to recurrent gene mutations. Treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy has been the standard of care for more than hal...Biomarker Research 2020 8:17Trends and projections of kidney cancer incidence at the global and national levels, 1990–2030: a Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling study
Identifying the temporal trends of kidney cancer (KC) incidence in both the past and the future at the global and national levels is critical for KC prevention.Biomarker Research 2020 8:16Circulating long non-coding RNA GAS5 (growth arrest-specific transcript 5) as a complement marker for the detection of malignant mesothelioma using liquid biopsies
For the detection of malignant mesothelioma additional markers are needed besides the established panel consisting of calretinin and mesothelin. The aim of this study was the identification and verification of...Biomarker Research 2020 8:15Characterization of novel dual tandem CD19/BCMA chimeric antigen receptor T cells to potentially treat multiple myeloma
Treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells directed against the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) promoted transient recovery from multiple myeloma (MM). However, the absence of this anti...Biomarker Research 2020 8:14Biomarkers in individualized management of chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy
The development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy has achieved promising results, both in clinical studies and in commercial products for patients with hematologic malignancies. Despite h...Biomarker Research 2020 8:13Successful treatment of acute B lymphoblastic leukemia relapse in the skin and testicle by anti-CD19 CAR-T with IL-6 knocking down: a case report
Extramedullary relapse is an important cause of treatment failure among patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This type of relapse is commonly observed in the central nervous system, while it is ra...Biomarker Research 2020 8:12Overexpressed immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) 4 in lung adenocarcinoma is correlated with immunosuppressive T cell subset infiltration and poor patient outcomes
The poor response to current PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in lung cancer patients requires development of novel immunotargets. Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)4 is an immunosuppressive molecule mainly expressed i...Biomarker Research 2020 8:11TBL1XR1 mutation predicts poor outcome in primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients
Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL), often appearing as focal masses in the scrotum and epididymides, is the most frequent testicular tumor in aged men. Although MYD88 and CD79B mutations were the most common ge...Biomarker Research 2020 8:10The predictive value of tumor mutation burden for immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy in non-small cell lung cancer is affected by patients’ age
High tumor mutation burden (TMB), which is associated with increased tumor immunogenicity, has been identified to predict improved response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy in non-small cell lung...Biomarker Research 2020 8:9LncRNA profile study reveals a seven-lncRNA signature predicts the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer
The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still challenging to evaluate or predict. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play an important role in tumorigenesis and prognosis, however,...Biomarker Research 2020 8:8The mir-767-105 cluster: a crucial factor related to the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
MiRNAs have been widely reported as the therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, mirna clusters, as the more impressive tumor regulatory factors, have received little attention. By deepl...Biomarker Research 2020 8:7Increased PD-1+Tim-3+ exhausted T cells in bone marrow may influence the clinical outcome of patients with AML
Altered expression of T cell immune inhibitory receptors may result in immunosuppression and associate with the poor prognosis of leukemia patients in which the leukemic bone marrow (BM) microenvironment may c...Biomarker Research 2020 8:6Using toponomics to characterize phenotypic diversity in alveolar macrophages from male mice treated with exogenous SP-A1
We used the Toponome Imaging System (TIS) to identify “patterns of marker expression”, referred to here as combinatorial molecular phenotypes (CMPs) in alveolar macrophages (AM) in response to the innate immun...Biomarker Research 2020 8:5Identification of pAKT as a pharmacodynamic marker for MER kinase in human melanoma G361 cells
The MER signaling pathway represents an attractive therapeutic target for human cancers. Growth arrest–specific protein 6 (GAS6)–induced MER phosphorylation is often unstable and difficult to detect without pe...Biomarker Research 2020 8:4PSCA is a target of chimeric antigen receptor T cells in gastric cancer
Gastric cancer is a deadly malignancy and is a prognostically unfavorable entity with restricted therapeutic strategies available. Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anch...Biomarker Research 2020 8:3Novel immunomodulatory drugs and neo-substrates
Thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide are immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) effective in the treatment of multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 5q and other hematologic...Biomarker Research 2020 8:2LOX family and ZFPM2 as novel diagnostic biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive cancer that develops in the pleural and outer layer of tissues surrounding the lungs. MPM is primarily caused by occupational exposure to asbestos ...Biomarker Research 2020 8:1Immune biomarkers in thymic epithelial tumors: expression patterns, prognostic value and comparison of diagnostic tests for PD-L1
Immunotherapy is currently under investigation in B3 Thymoma (TB3) and Thymic Carcinoma (TC). PD-L1 expression has been evaluated on a limited number of patients with selected antibodies. We aimed to analyze c...Biomarker Research 2019 7:28Impact of MET alterations on targeted therapy with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors for EGFR-mutant lung cancer
EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have achieved remarkable outcomes in the treatment of patients with EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer, but acquired resistance is still the main factor restrict...Biomarker Research 2019 7:27Clinical significance of stromal ER and PR expression in periampullary adenocarcinoma
Tamoxifen treatment has previously been reported to confer life-prolonging effects in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, and most evidently so in women. None of these trials did however include biomarke...Biomarker Research 2019 7:26Cancer biomarkers for targeted therapy
Tumor-associated antigens (TAA) or cancer biomarkers are major targets for cancer therapies. Antibody- based agents targeting the cancer biomarkers include monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), radiolabeled MoAbs, bi...Biomarker Research 2019 7:25Gemtuzumab ozogamicin and novel antibody-drug conjugates in clinical trials for acute myeloid leukemia
Targeted agents are increasingly used for the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is the first antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) approved for induction therapy of AML. When used in ...Biomarker Research 2019 7:24Epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. Tumor genotype variations among tumors within different patients are known as interpatient heterogeneity, and variability among...Biomarker Research 2019 7:23Isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a key enzyme involved in the conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. IDH mutation produces a neomorphic enzyme, which can lea...Biomarker Research 2019 7:22Correction to: Gilteritinib: a novel FLT3 inhibitor for acute myeloid leukemia
The original article [1] contains an error in the legend of Fig. 1 whereby it is incorrectly stated that MEC stands for ‘mitoprostate cancer using magnetic resonance imagingxantrone, etoposide, cyclophosphamid...Biomarker Research 2019 7:21The original article was published in Biomarker Research 2019 7:19Evaluation of breast stiffness measured by ultrasound and breast density measured by MRI using a prone-supine deformation model
This study evaluated breast tissue stiffness measured by ultrasound elastography and the percent breast density measured by magnetic resonance imaging to understand their relationship.Biomarker Research 2019 7:20Gilteritinib: a novel FLT3 inhibitor for acute myeloid leukemia
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3- internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) remains as one of the most frequently mutated genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially in those with normal cytogenetics. The FLT3-IT...Biomarker Research 2019 7:19The Correction to this article has been published in Biomarker Research 2019 7:21Mesothelin as a biomarker for targeted therapy
CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 has achieved remarkable success in the treatment of B cell malignancies, while various solid malignancies are still refractory for lack of suitable target. In recent years, a ...Biomarker Research 2019 7:18Seeking biomarkers for acute graft-versus-host disease: where we are and where we are heading?
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is one of the most important complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), which would seriously affect the clinical outcomes of pa...Biomarker Research 2019 7:17Comprehensive analysis of peroxiredoxins expression profiles and prognostic values in breast cancer
The peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) gene family has been demonstrated to participate in carcinogenesis and development of numerous cancers and the prognostic values in several cancers have been evaluated already. Purpo...Biomarker Research 2019 7:16
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