Targeting Multiple Myeloma Using B-Cell Maturation Antigens
BCMA is selectively induced at the time of plasma cell differentiation and is almost absent on immature and memory B cells (Avery et al., 2003; Chiu et al., 2007). The communication between BCMA and its ligand APRIL and BAFF is required for the maintenance of long-lived plasma cells (O'Connor et al., 2004; Peperzak et al., 2013).
BCMA is a perfect target for cancers of plasma cells as it is not present in other important organs. Dozens of BCMA-targeting therapies, such as antibody-drug conjugate, Bi-specific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are presently being created and tested clinically. Bluebird and Celgene’s bb2121 is leading the pack. A phase I multi-center clinical trial has established a striking 80% response rate in multiple myeloma patients. If these methods are effectively established, it will bring multiple myeloma patients a much-needed option beyond Elotuzumab (anti-SLAMF7) and Daratumumab (anti-CD38antibody).
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