Association of CD58 polymorphism and multiple sclerosis in Malaysia: a pilot study
Multiple sclerosis is an immune mediated disease targeting the central nervous system. Association of non-human leukocyte antigen gene, CD58, with multiple sclerosis has been reported in several populations but i...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:13HERV-K and HERV-W transcriptional activity in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/MS) is an incapacitating chronic disease that dramatically compromise the life quality. The CFS/ME pathogenesis is multifactorial, and it is believed tha...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:12Preclinical studies on the toxicology, pharmacokinetics and safety of K1-70TM a human monoclonal autoantibody to the TSH receptor with TSH antagonist activity
The human monoclonal autoantibody K1-70™ binds to the TSH receptor (TSHR) with high affinity and blocks TSHR cyclic AMP stimulation by TSH and thyroid stimulating autoantibodies.Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:11Evolving liver inflammation in biochemically normal individuals with anti-mitochondria antibodies
Anti-mitochondria autoantibodies (AMA) occur in > 95% primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. Biochemically normal AMA-positive (BN/AMA+) individuals, occasionally noticed by indirect immunofluorescence (I...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:10Antiphospholipid syndrome: a case report with an unusual wide spectrum of clinical manifestations
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the occurrence of venous and/or arterial thrombosis, and the detection of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies. The classification c...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:9Look granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) straight in the face: missed opportunities leading to a delayed diagnosis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic vasculitis with a potential to involve any organ system. It remains an important cause of kidney related morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis can be dif...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:8Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis: mechanisms, clinical relevance and treatment options
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by focal or diffuse inflammation, demyelination, axonal loss and neurodegeneration. Brain atrophy can be seen i...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:7The clinical significance of atypical indirect immunofluorescence patterns on primate cerebellum in paraneoplastic antibody screening
Screening for paraneoplastic antibodies is often performed by means of indirect immunofluorescence on primate cerebellar slices. However, atypical immunofluorescence patterns, i.e. patterns that are not specifica...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:6A new M23-based ELISA assay for anti-aquaporin 4 autoantibodies: diagnostic accuracy and clinical correlation
Although many assays have been developed to detect anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies, most of these assays require sophisticated techniques and are thus only available at specialized laboratories. The aim of ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:5Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio in ulcerative colitis as non-invasive biomarkers of disease activity and severity
Apart from endoscopic interventions, readily attainable cost-effective biomarkers for ulcerative colitis (UC) assessment are required. For this purpose, we evaluated differential leucocytic ratio, mainly neutr...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:4Anti-β2-glycoprotein I and anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies exert similar pro-thrombotic effects in peripheral blood monocytes and endothelial cells
The introduction of the anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies among the routinely investigated anti-phospholipid (aPL) antibodies led to an improvement in anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) lab...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:3Association of HLA-B27 and Behcet’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
To calculate the genetic impact of the “HLA-B27” allele on the risk of Behcet’s disease (BD) progression using a systematic review and meta-analysis on case control papers.Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:2Protective effect of TSLP and IL-33 cytokines in ulcerative colitis
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) primarily includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) with immun...Autoimmunity Highlights 2019 10:1Regulatory B and T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis: friends or foes?
Current clinical experience with immunomodulatory agents and monoclonal antibodies in principle has established the benefit of depleting lymphocytic populations in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:9Performance analysis of automated evaluation of antinuclear antibody indirect immunofluorescent tests in a routine setting
Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on the human epithelial cell-line HEp-2 (or derivatives) serves as the gold standard in antinuclear antibody (ANA) screening. IIF, and its evaluation, is a labor-intensive met...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:8Remission of aggressive autoimmune disease (dermatomyositis) with removal of infective jaw pathology and ozone therapy: review and case report
This case uniquely reports a connection between endodontically infected teeth and systemic disease, and additionally presents ozone therapy as a unique therapy and immune system modulator. It is the world’s fi...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:7Anti-phospholipid IgG antibodies detected by line immunoassay differentiate patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome and other autoimmune diseases
Anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) analyzed by line immunoassay (LIA) can recognize beta2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) domain 1 (D1) epitopes depending on β2GPI binding to distinct phospholipids. The aPL LIA was compar...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:6Rhabdomyolysis secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a systemic auto-immune disorder with a variety of presentations and wide spread organ involvement. We present a case report of a patient with an SLE exacerbation as well as...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:5Isolated acute lupus pneumonitis as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in an 8-year-old girl
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease which has broad pleuropulmonary manifestations. One of the rare and mortal complications is acute lupus pneumonitis, which is reported very r...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:4Diagnostic accuracy of a new fluoroenzyme immunoassay for the detection of TSH receptor autoantibodies in Graves’ disease
Thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) autoantibodies (TRAbs) are a hallmark of Graves’ disease (GD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a new third generation automatic fluorescence enzyme ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:3- Autoimmunity Highlights 2018 9:2
Role of vitamin D deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus incidence and aggravation
Vitamin D is one of the main groups of sterols; playing an important role in phospho-calcic metabolism. The conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to pre- vitamin D3 in the skin, through solar ultraviolet B radiat...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 9:1Next-generation anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in autoimmune disease treatment
The clinical success of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-mediated B cell depletion therapy has contributed to the understanding of B cells as major players in several autoimmune diseases. The first therapeu...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:12HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 haplotypes frequency and diagnostic utility in celiac disease patients of Gaza strip, Palestine
Celiac disease (CD) diagnosis can be established by serological and small bowel biopsy (SBB), while absence of HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 haplotypes excludes the disease. The present study aims at evaluating the diagnos...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:11Personalized medicine in rheumatology: the paradigm of serum autoantibodies
The sequencing of the human genome is now well recognized as the starting point of personalized medicine. Nonetheless, everyone is unique and can develop different phenotypes of the same disease, despite ident...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:10Chemiluminescent immunoassay technology: what does it change in autoantibody detection?
Diagnostic technology is rapidly evolving, and over the last decade, substantial progress has been made even for the identification of antibodies, increasingly approaching this type of diagnostic to that of au...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:9Definition of the upper reference limit for thyroglobulin antibodies according to the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry guidelines: comparison of eleven different automated methods
In the last two decades, thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) measurement has progressively switched from marker of thyroid autoimmunity to test associated with thyroglobulin (Tg) to verify the presence or abse...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:8Induction of IL-10 cytokine and the suppression of T cell proliferation by specific peptides from red cell band 3 and in vivo effects of these peptides on autoimmune hemolytic anemia in NZB mice
The anion channel protein band 3 is the main target of the pathogenic red blood cells (RBC) autoantibodies in New Zealand black (NZB) mice. CD4 T cells from NZB mice with autoimmune hemolytic anemia respond to...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:7A case of sarcoidosis with isolated hepatosplenic onset and development of inflammatory bowel disease during recovery stage
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by an immune-mediated disorder, which leads to the development of non-caseating granulomas in the involved organs. More than 90% of patients with sarcoidosis pre...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:6Exploring the plasmatic platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in patients with anti-phospholipid antibodies
To explore the role of plasmatic platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), a marker of cardiovascular risk, in patients with anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL).Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:5The universe of ANA testing: a case for point-of-care ANA testing
Testing for total antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is a critical tool for diagnosis and management of autoimmune diseases at both the primary care and subspecialty settings. Repurposing of ANA from a test for lupu...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:4Analysis of DFS70 pattern and impact on ANA screening using a novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 knockout substrate
Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) using human epithelial cell (HEp-2) substrate is a widely used and the recommended method for screening of antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Dense fine speckled (DFS70) pattern on...Autoimmunity Highlights 2017 8:3Structure and activation of the TSH receptor transmembrane domain
The thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) is the target autoantigen for TSHR-stimulating autoantibodies in Graves’ disease. The TSHR is composed of: a leucine-rich repeat domain (LRD), a hinge region or ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 8:2Detection of autoantibodies to DSF70/LEDGFp75 in Mexican Hispanics using multiple complementary assay platforms
Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) targeting the dense fine speckled antigen DFS70, also known as lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75 (LEDGF/p75), are attracting attention due to their low frequency in sys...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 8:1Development and evaluation of a standardized ELISA for the determination of autoantibodies against cN-1A (Mup44, NT5C1A) in sporadic inclusion body myositis
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is an autoimmune degenerative disease of the muscle, with inflammatory infiltrates and inclusion vacuoles. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood and the diagnosis is ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:16Anti-rods/rings autoantibody seropositivity does not affect response to telaprevir treatment for chronic hepatitis C infection
Autoantibodies to intracellular ‘rods and rings’ structures (anti-rods/rings or anti-RR) are strongly associated with hepatitis C (HCV) patients treated with interferon-α/ribavirin (IFN/RBV) and are linked wit...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:15Intraepithelial lymphocytes subsets in different forms of celiac disease
The enumeration of intraepithelial lymphocytes subsets (total, γδ, and CD3– IELs) by flow cytometry (FCM), named as IEL lymphogram, constitutes a useful tool for celiac disease (CD) diagnosis. The aim of this stu...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:14Infections as a cause of autoimmune rheumatic diseases
Exogenous and endogenous environmental exposures and particularly infections may participate in the breakage of tolerance and the induction of autoimmunity in rheumatic diseases. Response to infections apparen...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:13Deciphering the role of DNA methylation in multiple sclerosis: emerging issues
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that involves several not yet fully elucidated pathophysiologic mechanisms. There is increasing...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:12Reactive oxygen species in organ-specific autoimmunity
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been extensively studied in the induction of inflammation and tissue damage, especially as it relates to aging. In more recent years, ROS have been implicated in the pathogen...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:11Measurement of anti-DFS70 antibodies in patients with ANA-associated autoimmune rheumatic diseases suspicion is cost-effective
The presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) is associated with a wide range of ANA-associated autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AARD). The most commonly method used for the detection of ANA is indirect immunoflu...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:10The ANA-reflex test as a model for improving clinical appropriateness in autoimmune diagnostics
Reflex tests are widely used in clinical laboratories, for example, to diagnose thyroid disorders or in the follow-up of prostate cancer. Reflex tests for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) have recently gained atte...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:9Recognition of the dense fine speckled (DFS) pattern remains challenging: results from an international internet-based survey
The dense fine speckled (DFS) pattern as detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp-2 cells has been associated with several inflammatory diseases but is most commonly observed in individuals that do...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:8An unusual association of three autoimmune disorders: celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Autoimmune disorders are known to be more frequent in women and often associated each others, but it is rare to see multiple autoimmune diseases in a single patient. Recently, the concept of multiple autoimmun...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:7The relative merits of therapies being developed to tackle inappropriate (‘self’-directed) complement activation
The complement system is an enzyme cascade that helps defend against infection. Many complement proteins occur in serum as inactive enzyme precursors or reside on cell surfaces. Complement components have many...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:6Nailfold videocapillaroscopy and serum VEGF levels in scleroderma are associated with internal organ involvement
Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) identifies the microvascular hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may play a pivotal role in the associated vasculopathy. ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:5Behçet’s disease physiopathology: a contemporary review
Behçet’s disease, also known as the Silk Road Disease, is a rare systemic vasculitis disorder of unknown etiology. Recurrent attacks of acute inflammation characterize Behçet’s disease. Frequent oral aphthous ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:4Disease prevalence in a rural Andean population of central Peru: a focus on autoimmune and allergic diseases
The hygiene hypothesis, formulated to explain the increased incidence of allergic and autoimmune diseases observed in industrialized countries, remains controversial. We reflected upon this hypothesis during ...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:3International consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP): the bumpy road towards a consensus on reporting ANA results
The International Consensus on ANA Patterns (ICAP) was initiated as a workshop aiming to thoroughly discuss and achieve consensus regarding the morphological patterns observed in the indirect immunofluorescenc...Autoimmunity Highlights 2016 7:1
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