Cognition and behavior: learning and behavior
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Ketamine affects the integration of developmentally generated granule neurons in the adult stage
Ketamine has been reported to cause neonatal neurotoxicity in a variety of developing animal models. Various studies have been conducted to study the mechanism of neurotoxicity for general anesthetic use durin...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:60Synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 neurons and learning behavior in acute kidney injury, and estradiol replacement in ovariectomized rats
Neurological complications may occur in patients with acute or chronic renal failure; however, in cases of acute renal failure, the signs and symptoms are usually more pronounced, and progressed rapidly. Oxida...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:52Brain arousal regulation and depressive symptomatology in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the stability of brain arousal in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) outpatients with and without depressive symptomatology, and its association ...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:43Cardiovascular risk and encoding-related hippocampal connectivity in older adults
Cardiovascular conditions contribute to brain volume loss, reduced cerebrovascular health, and increased dementia risk in aging adults. Altered hippocampal connectivity has also been observed in individuals wi...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:37Pretreatment with a CRF antagonist amplifies feeding inhibition induced by fourth ventricular cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide
Pre-treatment with the corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist α-helical CRF9-41 prevents inhibition of gastric emptying by cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide at a dorsal hindbrain level, b...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:11Exercise challenge alters Default Mode Network dynamics in Gulf War Illness
Gulf War Illness (GWI) affects 30% of veterans from the 1991 Gulf War and has no known cause. Everyday symptoms include pain, fatigue, migraines, and dyscognition. A striking syndromic feature is post-exertion...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:7The modulation effect of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
To prevent and control dementia, many scholars have focused on the transition stage between normal ageing and dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which is a key interventional target for dementia. Studie...BMC Neuroscience 2019 20:2PA28αβ overexpression enhances learning and memory of female mice without inducing 20S proteasome activity
The proteasome system plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. Induction and maintenance of long term potentiation is directly dependent on selective targeting of proteins for proteasomal degradation. T...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:70Social defeat stress before pregnancy induces depressive-like behaviours and cognitive deficits in adult male offspring: correlation with neurobiological changes
Epidemiological surveys and studies with animal models have established a relationship between maternal stress and affective disorders in their offspring. However, whether maternal depression before pregnancy ...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:61An effort toward molecular biology of food deprivation induced food hoarding in gonadectomized NMRI mouse model: focus on neural oxidative status
Environmental uncertainty, such as food deprivation, may alter internal milieu of nervous system through various mechanisms. In combination with circumstances of stress or aging, high consumption of unsaturate...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:59Single-trial dynamics explain magnitude sensitive decision making
Previous research has reported or predicted, on the basis of theoretical and computational work, magnitude sensitive reaction times. Magnitude sensitivity can arise (1) as a function of single-trial dynamics ...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:54Arc protein expression after unilateral intracranial self-stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle is upregulated in specific nuclei of memory-related areas
Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS) of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is a deep brain stimulation procedure, which has a powerful enhancement effect on explicit and implicit memory. However, the downstream...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:48Mapping visuospatial attention: the greyscales task in combination with repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Visuospatial attention is executed by the frontoparietal cortical areas of the brain. Damage to these areas can result in visual neglect. We therefore aimed to assess a combination of the greyscales task and r...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:40Neural correlates of free recall of “famous events” in a “hypermnestic” individual as compared to an age- and education-matched reference group
Memory performance of an individual (within the age range: 50–55 years old) showing superior memory abilities (protagonist PR) was compared to an age- and education-matched reference group in a historical fact...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:35Mice lacking galectin-3 (Lgals3) function have decreased home cage movement
Galectins are a large family of proteins evolved to recognize specific carbohydrate moieties. Given the importance of pattern recognition processes for multiple biological tasks, including CNS development and ...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:27The spatio-temporal dynamics of deviance and target detection in the passive and active auditory oddball paradigm: a sLORETA study
Numerous studies have investigated the neural underpinnings of passive and active deviance and target detection in the well-known auditory oddball paradigm by means of event-related potentials (ERPs) or functiona...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:25Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of cerebrovascular reactivity and its relationship to cognition: a systematic review
Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) refers to the responsiveness of cerebral vasculature to vasoactive stimuli. CVR is an indicator of brain health and can be assessed using vasodilatory techniques and magnetic r...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:21Metabolomics analysis of serum in a rat heroin self-administration model undergoing reinforcement based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
Understanding the process of relapse to abused drugs and ultimately developing treatments that can reduce the incidence of relapse remains the primary goal for the study of substance dependence. Therefore, exp...BMC Neuroscience 2018 19:4Altered phosphorylation, electrophysiology, and behavior on attenuation of PDE4B action in hippocampus
PDE4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases regulate 3′, 5′ cAMP abundance in the CNS and thereby regulate PKA activity and phosphorylation of CREB, which has been implicated in learning and memory, depression a...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:77From provocation to aggression: the neural network
In-vivo observations of neural processes during human aggressive behavior are difficult to obtain, limiting the number of studies in this area. To address this gap, the present study implemented a social react...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:73Day2day: investigating daily variability of magnetic resonance imaging measures over half a year
Most studies of brain structure and function, and their relationships to cognitive ability, have relied on inter-individual variability in magnetic resonance (MR) images. Intra-individual variability is often ign...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:65Difference in the functional connectivity of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex between smokers with nicotine dependence and individuals with internet gaming disorder
It has been reported that internet gaming disorder (IGD) and smokers with nicotine dependence (SND) share clinical characteristics, such as over-engagement despite negative consequences and cravings. This stud...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:54Experience-dependent modulation of alpha and beta during action observation and motor imagery
EEG studies investigating the neural networks that facilitate action observation (AO) and kinaesthetic motor imagery (KMI) have shown reduced, or desynchronized, power in the alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:28EEG correlates of working memory performance in females
The study investigates oscillatory brain activity during working memory (WM) tasks. The tasks employed varied in two dimensions. First, they differed in complexity from average to highly demanding. Second, we ...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:26Yawning reduces facial temperature in the high-yawning subline of Sprague-Dawley rats
Yawning is a stereotyped behavior that enhances blood flow to the skull, and the resulting counterflow has been hypothesized as a mechanism for brain cooling. Studies have shown that yawns are strongly associa...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:3Expertise-related functional brain network efficiency in healthy older adults
In view of age-related brain changes, identifying factors that are associated with healthy aging are of great interest. In the present study, we compared the functional brain network characteristics of three g...BMC Neuroscience 2017 18:2Molar loss and powder diet leads to memory deficit and modifies the mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus of adult mice
It is known that tooth loss is known to be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and soft diet feeding induces memory impairment. Recent studies have shown that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is asso...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:81Reserve and Reserve-building activities research: key challenges and future directions
The concept of Cognitive Reserve has great appeal and has led to an interesting and important body of research. We believe, however, that it is unnecessarily limited by ‘habits’ of measurement, nomenclature, a...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:62Olfactory perception of chemically diverse molecules
Understanding the relationship between a stimulus and how it is perceived reveals fundamental principles about the mechanisms of sensory perception. While this stimulus-percept problem is mostly understood for...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:55Abnormal white matter integrity in rapists as indicated by diffusion tensor imaging
Recent research has documented structural brain abnormalities in various criminal offenders. However, there have been few brain imaging studies of sex offenders, and none on white matter integrity. The curren...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:45Uninstructed BIAT faking when ego depleted or in normal state: differential effect on brain and behavior
Deception can distort psychological tests on socially sensitive topics. Understanding the cerebral processes that are involved in such faking can be useful in detection and prevention of deception. Previous re...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:18Parallel processing of cognitive and physical demands in left and right prefrontal cortices during smartphone use while walking
Smartphone use while walking is becoming a public concern owing to an increased risk of falling that can result from cognitive-motor interference. We evaluated prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in participants ...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:9Changed categorical perception of consonant–vowel syllables induced by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
Speech-related disorders may refer to impairment of temporal analysis in the human auditory system. By the advance of non-invasive brain stimulation new forms of therapy arise. In the present study, we examine...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:8Roles of NMDA and dopamine in food-foraging decision-making strategies of rats in the social setting
In highly complex social settings, an animal’s motivational drive to pursue an object depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the object, but also on whether the decision-making animal perceives an ob...BMC Neuroscience 2016 17:3Blunted cardiac reactivity to psychological stress associated with higher trait anxiety: a study in peacekeepers
Both exaggerated and diminished reactivity to stress can be maladaptive. Previous studies have shown that performing increasingly difficult tasks leads first to increased reactivity and then to a blunted respo...BMC Neuroscience 2015 16:81Multivariate assessment of event-related potentials with the t-CWT method
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) are usually assessed with univariate statistical tests although they are essentially multivariate objects. Brain–computer interface applications are a notable exception to...BMC Neuroscience 2015 16:73Musical ability is associated with enhanced auditory and visual cognitive processing
Musical ability has always been linked to enhanced cognitive and intellectual skills. We were interested in the relation between musical ability and short-time cognitive processing as measured by event-related...BMC Neuroscience 2015 16:59Decreased neural activity and neural connectivity while performing a set-shifting task after inhibiting repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the left dorsal prefrontal cortex
Sub-optimal functioning of the dorsal prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with executive dysfunction, such as set-shifting deficits, in neurological and psychiatric disorders. We tested this hypothesis by in...BMC Neuroscience 2015 16:45Using event-related potentials to measure phrase boundary perception in English
The closure positive shift (CPS) event related potential (ERP) is commonly used as a neural measure of phrase boundary perception in speech. The present study investigated whether the CPS was elicited by acous...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:129Dopamine D1/D2 receptors do not mediate the expression of conditioned place preference induced by the aftereffect of wheel running
Rats lever-press for access to running wheels suggesting that wheel running by itself is reinforcing. Furthermore, pairings of an episode of wheel running and subsequent confinement in a specific environment c...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:124Chronic escitalopram treatment attenuated the accelerated rapid eye movement sleep transitions after selective rapid eye movement sleep deprivation: a model-based analysis using Markov chains
Shortened rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency and increased REM sleep amount are presumed biological markers of depression. These sleep alterations are also observable in several animal models of depression...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:120Functional recovery from chronic writer’s cramp by brain-computer interface rehabilitation: a case report
Dystonia is often currently treated with botulinum toxin injections to spastic muscles, or deep brain stimulation to the basal ganglia. In addition to these pharmacological or neurosurgical measures, a new non...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:103Electrophysiological correlates of motor sequence learning
The Error-related negativity (ERN) is a component of the event-related brain potentials elicited by error commission. The ERN is thought to reflect cognitive control processes aiming to improve performance. As pr...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:102Sleepiness induced by sleep-debt enhanced amygdala activity for subliminal signals of fear
Emotional information is frequently processed below the level of consciousness, where subcortical regions of the brain are thought to play an important role. In the absence of conscious visual experience, pati...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:97Sleep deprivation leads to a loss of functional connectivity in frontal brain regions
The restorative effect of sleep on waking brain activity remains poorly understood. Previous studies have compared overall neural network characteristics after normal sleep and sleep deprivation. To study whet...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:88The effect of parametric stimulus size variation on individual face discrimination indexed by fast periodic visual stimulation
The human brain is frequently exposed to individual faces across a wide range of different apparent sizes, often seen simultaneously (e.g., when facing a crowd). Here we used a sensitive and objective fast per...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:87Human area MT+shows load-dependent activation during working memory maintenance with continuously morphing stimulation
Initially, human area MT+ was considered a visual area solely processing motion information but further research has shown that it is also involved in various different cognitive operations, such as working memor...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:85Memory deficits in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are not exclusively caused by executive dysfunction: a comparative neuropsychological study of amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Recent work suggests that ALS and frontotemporal dementia can occur together and share at least in part the same underlying pathophysiology. However, it is unclear at present whether memory deficits in ALS ste...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:83The processing of faces across non-rigid facial transformation develops at 7 month of age: a fNIRS-adaptation study
Using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), our previous neural adaptation studies found that infants’ bilateral temporal regions process facial identity (FiHN 5:153, 2011). In addition, we revealed that size-inv...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:81The prospect of molecular therapy for Angelman syndrome and other monogenic neurologic disorders
Angelman syndrome is a monogenic neurologic disorder that affects 1 in 15,000 children, and is characterized by ataxia, intellectual disability, speech impairment, sleep disorders, and seizures. The disorder i...BMC Neuroscience 2014 15:76
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