Unusual Cancers of Childhood Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version

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Changes to This Summary (09/29/2017)

The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

Added the APEC1621 (Pediatric MATCH) trial as a treatment option under clinical evaluation for all tumor types in this summary.

Head and Neck Cancers

Added text about an update of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data of pediatric thyroid cancer (cited Dermody et al. as reference 56).

Added Figure 3 depicting the incidence of pediatric thyroid carcinoma based on most frequent subtype per 100,000 as a percent of total cohort in the SEER database.

Thoracic Cancers

The Tracheobronchial Tumors subsection was renamed from Bronchial Tumors.

Added Varela et al. as reference 31.

Added inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, rhabdomyosarcoma, and granular cell tumors as histologic types of tracheobronchial tumors.

Revised text to state that with the exception of rhabdomyosarcoma, tracheobronchial tumors of all histologic types are associated with an excellent prognosis after surgical resection in children, even in the presence of local invasion.

Abdominal Cancers

Added Das et al. as reference 29.

The Prognostic Factors subsection was extensively revised.

Added Sacco Casamassima et al. as reference 61, Lindholm et al. as reference 67, and Poles et al. as reference 87.

Added text to state that of almost 160,000 patients with colorectal cancer included in the National Cancer Database, 918 pediatric patients were identified. Age younger than 21 years was a significant predictor of increased mortality.

Revised text about succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)–deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (cited Weldon et al. as reference 152).

Added text to state that given the indolent course of the disease in pediatric patients, it is reasonable to avoid extensive initial surgeries and to withhold subsequent resections unless they are needed to address only symptoms such as obstruction or bleeding.

This summary is written and maintained by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of NCI. The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or NIH. More information about summary policies and the role of the PDQ Editorial Boards in maintaining the PDQ summaries can be found on the About This PDQ Summary and PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database pages.

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