Medical and radiation oncology
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Teetering on a liver’s edge: a case report highlighting clinical decision-making in thrombocytopenia
This report illustrates the importance of a detailed history and physical exam and careful analysis of hematologic parameters when diagnosing ITP. This case demonstrates that even with subtle deviations from t...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1058Management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: quality of clinical practice guidelines and variations in recommendations
Bladder cancer (BC) has become a major worldwide public health issue, especially non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). A flood of related clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have emerged; however, the qu...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1054Recursive partitioning analysis of patients with oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Local consolidative treatment (LCT) is important for oligometastasis, defined as the restricted metastatic capacity of a tumor. This study aimed to determine the effects and prognostic heterogeneity of LCT in ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1051Tumor budding outperforms ypT and ypN classification in predicting outcome of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Budding is a complementary prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of tumor budding in rectal cancer patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy.BMC Cancer 2019 19:1033A phase Ib study of capecitabine and ziv-aflibercept followed by a phase II single-arm expansion cohort in chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer
Patients with chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. In this phase Ib/II clinical trial, we established the maximum tolerated dose (MT...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1032Systemic high-dose intravenous methotrexate in patients with central nervous system metastatic breast cancer
Infusion of high-dose intravenous methotrexate (MTX) has been demonstrating to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The aim of this present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of high dose MTX in patient...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1029Postoperative chemoradiotherapy is superior to postoperative chemotherapy alone in squamous cell lung cancer patients with limited N2 lymph node metastasis
The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT) following surgery in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with N2 lymph node metastasis (N2-NSCLC).BMC Cancer 2019 19:1023Severe colitis after PD-1 blockade with nivolumab in advanced melanoma patients: potential role of Th1-dominant immune response in immune-related adverse events: two case reports
Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor specific to the programmed death 1 (PD-1) receptor. Nivolumab has shown clinical responses in many malignancies. Although immune-related adverse events (irAEs) assoc...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1019SUPR-3D: A randomized phase iii trial comparing simple unplanned palliative radiotherapy versus 3d conformal radiotherapy for patients with bone metastases: study protocol
Bone metastases in the lower spine and pelvis are effectively palliated with radiotherapy (RT), though this can come with side effects such as radiation induced nausea and vomiting (RINV). We hypothesize that ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1011Clinical factors associated with treatment outcomes in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases: a case-control observational study
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations often develop brain metastases. Treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has shown the effec...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1006Predictive value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with oesophageal cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy
The survival rate of patients with advanced oesophageal cancer is very low and can vary significantly, even among patients with the same TNM stage. It is important to look for indicators that are economical an...BMC Cancer 2019 19:1004Simultaneous primary cancer occurrence of melanoma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma in leptomeningeal metastases: a case report
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a predominantly late stage, devastating complication of a variety of malignant solid tumors. Diagnosis relies predominantly on neurological, radiographic, and cerebrospinal fl...BMC Cancer 2019 19:995Nal-IRI with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin or gemcitabine plus cisplatin in advanced biliary tract cancer - the NIFE trial (AIO-YMO HEP-0315) an open label, non-comparative, randomized, multicenter phase II study
Biliary tract cancer (BTC) has a high mortality. Primary diagnosis is frequently delayed due to mostly unspecific symptoms, resulting in a high number of advanced cases at the time of diagnosis. Advanced BTCs ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:990Atypical femoral fracture in patients with bone metastasis receiving denosumab therapy: a retrospective study and systematic review
While denosumab has been shown to prevent skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastasis, there is a concern that it may cause atypical femoral fracture (AFF). While AFF has been reported in patients...BMC Cancer 2019 19:980Lymphocyte-sparing effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy compared to conventional fractionated radiation therapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Conventionally fractionated (CF) radiation therapy (RT) has been associated with lymphopenia, leading to compromised overall survival (OS) in cancer patients. It currently remains unknown if stereotactic body ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:977Case report of oxalate nephropathy in a patient with pancreatic metastases from renal carcinoma
Patients with metastatic renal carcinoma frequently have pre-existing renal impairment and not infrequently develop worsening renal function as a complication of their treatment. The presence of pancreatic met...BMC Cancer 2019 19:967Sarcomatoid carcinoma presenting as cancers of unknown primary: a clinicopathological portrait
Sarcomatoid carcinoma of unknown primary (SCUP) is a rare entity of either poorly differentiated carcinoma with sarcoma-like differentiation or a true mixed lineage neoplasm. Limited data regarding clinicopath...BMC Cancer 2019 19:965Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors to predict treatment response in high risk neuroblastoma patients receiving topotecan and cyclophosphamide containing induction regimen: a prospective multicenter study
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor among children. Despite intensive treatment, patients with advanced disease mostly experience dismal outcomes. Here, we proposed the use of topotecan ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:961Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine rectal carcinoma with uncommon immune-histochemical features and clinical presentation with a subcutaneous metastasis, treated with first line intensive triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab FIr-B/FOx regimen: an experience of multidisciplinary management in clinical practice
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are heterogeneous, widely distributed tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells. Gastrointestinal (GI)-NETs are the most common and NETs of the rectum represent 15, 2% of gastrointe...BMC Cancer 2019 19:960The relationship between peripheral neuropathy and efficacy in second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced gastric cancer: a prospective observational multicenter study protocol (IVY)
Paclitaxel is used in second-line conventional chemotherapies to manage patients with unresectable advanced gastric cancer (GC). Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is a known adverse event leading to tre...BMC Cancer 2019 19:941Mapping patterns of metastatic lymph nodes for postoperative radiotherapy in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a recommendation for clinical target volume definition
The clinical target volume (CTV) for postoperative radiotherapy for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) needs to be defined. The study aim was to map metastatic lymph nodes (LNMs) in a computed...BMC Cancer 2019 19:927Fibrin-associated large B-cell lymphoma: first case report within a cerebral artery aneurysm and literature review
Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FA-DLBCL) is a rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive lymphoproliferative disorder included in the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification. It ar...BMC Cancer 2019 19:916Outcomes of immediate oncoplastic surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer patients
Oncoplastic surgery techniques lead to a rearrangement of the breast tissue and impede target definition during adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). The aim of this study was to assess local control rates after immedia...BMC Cancer 2019 19:907A multi-disciplinary model of survivorship care following definitive chemoradiation for anal cancer
Following definitive chemoradiation for anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC), patients face a variety of chronic issues including: bowel dysfunction, accelerated bone loss, sexual dysfunction, and psychosocial ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:906Radioablation +/− hormonotherapy for prostate cancer oligorecurrences (Radiosa trial): potential of imaging and biology (AIRC IG-22159)
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer among men. New imaging-modalities have increased the diagnosed patients with limited number of metastasis after primary curative therapy, introducing so-c...BMC Cancer 2019 19:903Long-term responders to trastuzumab monotherapy in first-line HER-2+ advanced breast cancer: characteristics and survival data
The impact of HER2-targeted therapy alone followed by the addition of chemotherapy at disease progression (PD) versus upfront combination was investigated by the SAKK 22/99 trial. The aim of this exploratory a...BMC Cancer 2019 19:902Study protocols of three parallel phase 1 trials combining radical radiotherapy with the PARP inhibitor olaparib
Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are promising novel radiosensitisers. Pre-clinical models have demonstrated potent and tumour-specific radiosensitisation by PARP inhibitors. Olaparib is a PARP i...BMC Cancer 2019 19:901Real-world experience of first-line afatinib in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC: a multicenter observational study
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, side-effects and resistance mechanisms of first-line afatinib in a real-world setting.BMC Cancer 2019 19:896A phase III randomized-controlled, single-blind trial to improve quality of life with stereotactic body radiotherapy for patients with painful bone metastases (ROBOMET)
Bone metastases represent an important source of morbidity in cancer patients, mostly due to severe pain. Radiotherapy is an established symptomatic treatment for painful bone metastases, however, when convent...BMC Cancer 2019 19:876Dynamic prediction of long-term survival in patients with primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a SEER population-based study
This study investigated a large number of patients to develop a predictive nomogram for survival and a web-based survival rate calculator that can dynamically predict the long-term survival of patients with pr...BMC Cancer 2019 19:873Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma of bone treated with denosumab: a case report
Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PMHE) is a rare endothelial neoplasm that involves the bones in only 14% of all cases. The optimal treatment strategy has not been established. We herein report a case of p...BMC Cancer 2019 19:872The effect of metformin use on hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in diabetes mellitus patients
Metformin is proven to improve the prognosis of various cancers, but it is unknown if metformin could ameliorate hypopharyngeal cancer in diabetes mellitus patients. This was a retrospective cohort study, and ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:862CA19–9 decrease and survival according to platelet level in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer
CA19–9 decrease during treatment has been associated with superior survival of pancreatic cancer in several studies. The evidence to show the correlation of high platelet level with inferior survival is insuff...BMC Cancer 2019 19:860Sites of metastasis and association with clinical outcome in advanced stage cancer patients treated with immunotherapy
Selecting the appropriate patients to receive immunotherapy (IO) remains a challenge due to the lack of optimal biomarkers. The presence of liver metastases has been implicated as a poor prognostic factor in p...BMC Cancer 2019 19:857The MYRACLE protocol study: a multicentric observational prospective cohort study of patients with multiple myeloma
Despite recent advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma, the disease constantly relapses and is still considered as incurable. The current knowledge about the biological mechanisms underlying resistance t...BMC Cancer 2019 19:855Comparative efficacy and tolerability of front-line treatments for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: an update network meta-analysis
Recent years have witnessed the rapid evolution of therapies in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). To assess the efficacy and tolerability of all reported front-line treatments for patients with ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:849Biologically effective dose (BED) of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) was an important factor of therapeutic efficacy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (≤5 cm)
To explore the association between biologically effective dose (BED) and survival rates in Child-Pugh A classification (CP-A) small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with stereotactic body radiat...BMC Cancer 2019 19:846Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for the comprehensive treatment of 4–10 oligometastatic tumors (SABR-COMET-10): study protocol for a randomized phase III trial
Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has emerged as a new treatment option for patients with oligometastatic disease. SABR delivers precise, high-dose, hypofractionated radiotherapy, and achieves excellen...BMC Cancer 2019 19:816Comprehensive molecular and clinical characterization of Asian melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibody
Clinical features of Asian melanoma patients are distinct from those of Western patients. This study was designed to determine the molecular and clinical characteristics of Asian melanoma patients treated with...BMC Cancer 2019 19:805Clinicopathological spectrum of solitary Plasmacytoma: a single center experience from coastal India
Plasma cell disorders are a rare group of hematological malignancies that accounts for 10% of all hematological neoplasms. Solitary plasmacytomas are rarer entities accounting for less than 5% of all the plasm...BMC Cancer 2019 19:801Liver function changes after transarterial chemoembolization in US hepatocellular carcinoma patients: the LiverT study
The real-world incidence of chronic liver damage after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is unclear. LiverT, a retrospective, observational study, assessed liver function deterioration after a single TACE...BMC Cancer 2019 19:795Safety and efficacy of Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcoma: PALETTE (EORTC 62072) subgroup analyses
PALETTE is a phase 3 trial that demonstrated single-agent activity of pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas (aSTS). We performed retrospective subgroup analyses to explore potential relationships between ...BMC Cancer 2019 19:794Combination therapy of brain radiotherapy and EGFR-TKIs is more effective than TKIs alone for EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with asymptomatic brain metastasis
The treatment strategy for brain metastasis (BM) in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) -mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains controversial. In the present study, we compared the efficacy...BMC Cancer 2019 19:793Salvage PRRT with 177Lu-DOTA-octreotate in extensively pretreated patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET): dosimetry, toxicity, efficacy, and survival
NETTER-1 trial demonstrated high efficacy and low toxicity of four cycles of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) in patients with metastasized NET. The present study evaluates the outcome of further P...BMC Cancer 2019 19:788Outcomes of orbital malignancies treated with eye-sparing surgery and adjuvant particle radiotherapy: a retrospective study
To report the clinical experience of eye sparing surgery (ESS) and adjuvant carbon-ion or proton radiotherapy (CIRT or PRT) for orbital malignancies.BMC Cancer 2019 19:776Lacrimal drainage system stenosis associated with Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®, T-DM1) administration: a case report
Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®, T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate used to treat HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. In this report, we present the first...BMC Cancer 2019 19:774Emergency Etoposide-Cisplatin (Em-EP) for patients with germ cell tumours (GCT) and trophoblastic neoplasia (TN)
Etoposide (E) at 100 mg/m2 combined with Cisplatin (P) at 20 mg/m2 represents an induction 2-day regimen embedded in our clinical practice for patients with advanced GCT or TN at high risk of early death. We eval...BMC Cancer 2019 19:770Diagnostic and grading accuracy of 18F-FDOPA PET and PET/CT in patients with gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F] fluoro-L-phenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) has been used in the evaluation of gliomas. We performed a meta-analys...BMC Cancer 2019 19:767Worse survival in breast cancer in elderly may not be due to underutilization of medical procedures as observed upon changing healthcare system in Poland
Evidence is emerging that older women may tolerate breast cancer therapies equally well as the young ones, providing that they receive good supportive care. It has also been reported that these patients remain...BMC Cancer 2019 19:749Exceptional response to chemotherapy followed by concurrent radiotherapy and immunotherapy in a male with primary retroperitoneal serous Adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review
Primary retroperitoneal serous adenocarcinoma (PRSA) is an extremely uncommon malignancy exclusively reported in females. Due to the rarity of the disease, it is difficult to establish a standardized treatment.BMC Cancer 2019 19:748
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